One command to find out which process prevents your PC from sleeping

When you click down the button of sleep, only screen is off but the PC is still running. After rebooting, sleep will work.

Why? Because some process is running and preventing your PC from sleeping. After rebooting the PC, the process will be terminated so that you can sleep the PC.

We can use just one command to find out the process.

Open your CMD or Powershell, and input this command:

powercfg /requests

The result:

Well, we can find that a process named NeatDM.exe is preventing sleeping. It’s a download software. After closing it, I can sleep my PC at once.

Remember, this is for the situation where you sleep your PC but it wakes up at once.

However, sometimes you would face the situation where the PC slept successfully, but it wakes up later for a while. For this situation, you need to use this command to check which device woke your PC up last time:

powercfg /lastwake

However, sometimes things get wired. You just see the woke device is Fixed Power Button, but you didn’t press the button! OK, for this strange thing, I find it caused by Wake on LAN. Some devices in your LAN woke your PC up but Windows recorded it as Fixed Power Button.

Finally, maybe you need to check your Power Plan settings. Disabling Wake Timer is very useful. Many programmes, including Microsoft, will use some methods to wake your PC up. If you want to control the PC by yourself, just disable Wake Timer.

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记一次给打气筒换气带的经历

打气筒的气带坏了。所谓气带，就是打气筒的那根橡胶软管。网上买了气带后，回来安装遇到不小的麻烦。

之前的气带损坏的表现是橡胶软管经常从根部断裂，从而导致漏气，只能剪掉坏掉的部分，然后插上底座的气嘴重新使用。但是没过多久就再次断裂，然后剪掉坏掉的部分装上去继续用。如此循环。

这个方法是我父亲之前使用的办法，所以我没多想，拿到新气带和旧的底座比对一下，就觉得应该把气带尾端的黑色塑料给拔掉，这样管子就能插在底座上。没想到黑色塑料卡得很紧，用老虎钳都拔不下来。

重新比对底座，发现底座上插着一块塑料，其结构为下部是圆柱体，上部是圆锥体，整个结构连成一体，上下有通气管道贯穿。之前插管子就是插在那个圆锥体上，也就是气嘴。

我仔细观察了一下新气带的结构，发现卡在橡胶软管里的结构正是圆锥体。因而，实际上气带的真正结构就是一根橡胶软管里卡着一个圆锥体，该圆锥体下部又有一个连体的圆柱体。这种设计使得出气口卡在软管里，不容易松脱。

更精妙的是，该结构上方还套着一个圆锥形的螺栓，用于和底座锁定。因为气嘴的圆锥结构撑大了管壁的直径，所以当圆锥体螺栓卡紧管子根部时，用手拔管子是无法拔出的，除非整个气带管子根部断裂，否则无需担心打气筒的气带因为意外被拔出。

经过这番推理可知，目前卡在旧底座上的结构正是从旧气带上脱落的结构，所以解决问题的思路不是拔掉新气带的塑料气嘴，而是拔掉底座上残留的塑料气嘴。但没曾想，我用螺丝起子刚一撬动底座的残余气嘴，气嘴的圆锥体部分当场断裂，还剩一个圆柱体部分卡在底座里。

我翻倒底座一看，底座是全封闭的铁块，根本没办法从下面往上面捅，使气嘴排出。我用螺丝起子撬，也毫无松动迹象。最好的办法是用像钩子一样的工具，从通气孔中插入，然后往外拔出。可是我又没有那样的工具。

一开始，我发现塑料的质地很软，可以被螺丝起子轻松刮碎，于是我就开始刮，刮了一阵嫌累。忽然想起电烙铁。电烙铁可以很好地融化塑料，而且底座是铁质的，不怕电烙铁灼烧。于是戴好口罩，防止吸入塑料燃烧后产生的毒气，拿着电烙铁烧一会儿，再刮一会儿，很快就刮掉大部分塑料。

快见底时，因为我不知道底座究竟是什么结构，怕下面还有一个凸出的气嘴，便不敢继续灼烧。让残余塑料上留着一个孔洞，然后拴上新气带。因为底座螺纹口还残余不少塑料，所以用手是很难上紧螺栓的，必须用老虎钳。新气带的螺丝栓没办法栓到底，因为残余的气嘴占据了一定的体积，不过整体上密封性还不错，用起来没什么问题。

事后我又专门查找了底座的结构，发现整个底座大概率就是一个光秃秃的圆柱体凹槽，完全由生铁铸造。如果是这样的话，那就和我之前设想的底座结构完全不同。我之前想象的结构是底部有个凸起的针状气嘴，质地也是铁质，然后软管端的气嘴是套在那上面的。但是现在看来，真正的结构是一个密封的圆柱体容器里直接插着一个圆柱体气嘴，没有任何连接点（想象一下奶茶上插着吸管）。如果是这样，那么完全可以放心地把底座残余的塑料全部清除干净，然后装上新气带即可。

通过这一次手工事件，一方面了解了反向推理能力的重要性，一方面也深刻认识到还有太多不了解的知识，哪怕只是这小小的打气筒也蕴含着十分精妙的工业设计。

真正理解“支那”一词背后的文化内涵：东亚正统中国之争

如今，许多中国人听到“支那”一词仍然觉得自己被羞辱，但其实大多数日本人早已不知“支那”为何物。

如果你去问一个中国人为何觉得“支那”一词有侮辱性，他大概率会说这是二战日本侵华期间所使用的词汇，既然中日敌对，便觉得日本用“支那”一词是在蔑视中国。然而，这种说法有一个很大的逻辑缺陷：如果现在有一个敌对国家对中国人一口一个“你们中国”、“你们中国人”，显然，在该语境中，“中国”一词带有了贬义，难道中国人还会抗拒“中国”一词，从此拒称自己为“中国人”吗？

要解决这个疑问，就必须先搞懂“支那”一词的来源，以及日本为什么称呼中国为“支那”。

Solution to quickly delete youtube like and dislike records

Open this link: https://myactivity.google.com/page?hl=en&page=youtube_likes

It will bring you to the Youtube likes and dislikes webpage.

Then just click the “X” button beside the Date, e.g. July 21st.

When you do this first time, Google will pop up a dialog for notice. Then you will find you can delete without any pop ups. So you can quickly delete likes and dislikes by click the “X” button one by one.

If you want to delete all records, just click “Delete All” from the left panel:

Then it will pop out a dialogue like below:

After deleting, you can go to https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=LL to check if the action effects. Remember, it will take several minutes to effect on Youtube webpages, just wait for a while.

Windows 11: Microsoft Unofficially Announce Old Hardware PC Support Suspended

Well, for many years, Windows and Linux are two main operating systems which support many old hardware PCs. If you are familiar with the history of Mac OS and iOS, you will find how radical Apple is. Even for Android, one of the largest open source free OS, it would drop old devices very far away very quickly.

Most impressed, my old PC built in 2008 still can install and run Windows 10. Every function is good and experience is very smooth. However, good days have gone.

On official website, Microsoft lists requirements for Windows 11:

• Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster with two or more cores on a compatible 64-bit processor or system on a chip (SoC).
• RAM: 4 gigabytes (GB) or greater.
• Storage: 64 GB* or greater available storage is required to install Windows 11.
  • Additional storage space might be required to download updates and enable specific features.
• Graphics card: Compatible with DirectX 12 or later, with a WDDM 2.0 driver.
• System firmware: UEFI, Secure Boot capable.
• TPM: Trusted Platform Module (TPM) version 2.0.
• Display: High definition (720p) display, 9″ or greater monitor, 8 bits per color channel.
• Internet connection: Internet connectivity is necessary to perform updates, and to download and use some features.
  • Windows 11 Home edition requires an Internet connection and a Microsoft Account to complete device setup on first use.

First, we notice that the CPU is x64 only. It actually drops the support for old CPUs. But this is not a main problem because nearly all mainstream CPU running today is x64 compatible.

If you are ready to run x64 OS, you must have at least 4GB RAM, 8GB or 16GB recommended. But this is not a problem either: RAM is usually cheap, especially old DDR3 RAM. You can buy RAM to upgrade.

Then we find GPU should be compatible with DX12. Most recent GPUs, including Core Graphics Cards built in CPU, will be fine. But I’m not sure if it should be native DX12 support or just compatible with DX12. If the requirement is native DX12, I think many old GPUs need to be upgraded. And the laptops which only have old Core Graphics Cards would be dropped totally because they cannot upgrade their GPUs. The only method is to buy a new laptop.

Until now, there is no real challenge for upgrading. But the true trouble is there.

The most important thing here is that Windows 11 needs two things: UEFI and Secure Boot, TPM. These two things are very awful for old PCs because they cannot support them.

UEFI and Secure Boot usually come with motherboards produced around 2010. This means old PCs should change their motherboard. But changing motherboard means change a whole new PC because CPU, RAM and Motherboard are based on the same platform. If you change your motherboard, you change the whole platform. You would buy motherboard, CPU and RAM.

TPM usually comes with two solutions: hardware chips and CPU support.

Most of motherboards doesn’t have hardware chips on them because the chips are very expensive. And also, these motherboards would not build a preserved slot to let you install hardware chips because manufacturers think you will never buy any hardware chips.

CPU support TPM is much easier. However, it requires very latest CPU. That’s why we will find Microsoft’s support CPU list for Windows 11 is radical: 8th generation Intel later and AMD Ryzen 2000 later. I would like to say it’s very insane. But if you want your PC supports TPM, you must have those latest CPUs.

So, the truth is that Microsoft suspends old PCs. They are not allowed to install Windows 11.

But what I want to say is that it shouldn’t be like that. UEFI and TPM should be an optional requirement and they are only secure methods for PC. If you want to have best safe environment, you should have them, or you could still use your PC with new Windows 11. No functions will lose effects. If your PC can run Windows 10 well, it should run Windows 11 well too.

I don’t know why Microsoft chooses this radical policy. It’s weird.

There are three months for launching the new system, maybe Microsoft will change its minds.

The ironic thing is that even Apple is so radical to enforce every Mac device has TPM hardware chip, the Hackintosh is still so popular. Maybe there will be Hackindows in the future to let the device which doesn’t support UEFI, Secure Boot or TPM can install and run Windows 11.

聊聊前苏联国家的杀毒软件们，以及中国软件产业的问题

最近忽然又对杀毒软件起了兴趣，于是在市场上寻找合适的杀毒软件。查了一些知名品牌，发现一个很有意思的现象：前苏联国家盛产杀毒软件，而且大多是国际知名品牌。

小米、红米手机卡刷xiaomi.eu（Lineage OS）简要指南

最后更新时间：2022年12月23日

1. 重要提醒
2. 准备篇
   1. 刷机前一定要做的准备工作
   2. xiaomi.eu和MIUI国际版的区别
   3. 正确选择你的ROM
   4. 下载xiaomi.eu
   5. 联发科的手机不建议折腾
3. 下面正式开始刷机之旅！
   1. 解锁你的手机
   2. 刷入TWRP或者其他第三方recovery
   3. 在TWRP中要执行的操作
      1. 格式化内置存储空间
      2. 确认磁盘文件系统
      3. 双清操作
      4. 将ROM发送到手机中
      5. 开始刷写
      6. 刷写成功
4. 与刷写Lineage OS的区别
5. 更新系统
6. Lineage OS刷机官方教程
7. MIUI 13 (Android 12) 特别篇

美国的数学考试允许使用计算器的真正原因

当我还在上初中的时候，要说有什么最喜欢玩的东西，那便是计算器。

那时我们流行用国产的自然手写计算器，不过其实功能是很弱的，远远比不上卡西欧的手写计算器。最典型的是国产的计算器表示分数只能用“a/b”的横行形式，但是卡西欧则能使用竖行形式。值得玩味的是，当时国产的计算器卖12元，而卡西欧卖120元；十年后，国产的计算器功能还是那么简陋，但是外壳做工提升了一下，便卖到30元，而卡西欧则降价到56元。

那时候每天把玩、研究计算器比打游戏还兴奋，我甚至自己不知道怎么就开发出了一种类似于倒计时的玩法，通过输入一串提前预设好的数据，然后一直按着方向键向下，就能在屏幕上连续出现10、9、8……的倒计时，而且时间正好间隔正好是1秒钟。现在回想起来，这大概是我编过的第一个程序，虽然实际上并不是编程，但是在实现方法上却和用计算机编程有异曲同工之妙（每次刷新屏幕时展示同一个静态画面，如此重复，直到一秒钟后切换到下一个静态画面）。

Remember forever: Trump never lost election. He just lost administration.

The world must remember this forever:

Trump never lost election. He just lost administration.

They can change the minds but they can’t change me.

That day we lost something, not everything.

Then we get up.

The people are awake now.

The Congress occupied: the new history of America to fight against bureaucracy

I am glad to see after 250 years, Americans got into the Congress. This is their first time did this.

Why this is the first time?

Because they believe in the Constitution. The believe that the Congressmen will do as the followings and people only do their own things. By that division of labor collaboration, the country will run as well as possible.

But recently they have known that the whole bureaucracy system are corrupted and even the Congress representatives voted by themselves won’t listen to them. When Mitch McConnell stands with the Democrats and prevents the vote fraud challenging. When Mike Pence lied and betrayed them many times, American people get tired of those bullshit.

The power of the Congress are generated under the Constitution and the power of the Constitution are granted by people. Some people says those people who crashed into the Congress are committing treason. But in fact, they are using the power of the Constitution and under the protection of the Constitution.

I need to point out that I condemn those who smashed and broke things in the Congress, some evidences show that they are BLM and Antifa members. Those who just stepped into the Congress peacefully, they should be free judge of crimes.

Sadly, I heard some from the people died due to gunshot when they tried to get into the Congress. One of them is a brave woman once served the US as military. While in the year 1932, Bonus Army also hurt the hearts of the veterans. The dilemma of that time is the same as now.

When we look back to the history of the world, people around the world over periods had once occupied their Congress. Why? Because they know the bureaucracy are corrupted. Because they want their voices to be heard. They want to change something.

After the long term of 250 years, Americans have reached this moment. They find themselves are in a delicate lie and nightmare are falling.

Mike Pence said “Today was a dark day in the history of the United States Capitol.” But as we know, the real darkness is the corrupted bureaucracy, including Mike Pence.

Politicians in Washington DC should consider their future, American people’s future and the world’s future.

Jan 6th is the beginning, not the end. America has a new history to fight against bureaucracy.